I hope you are aware that if you start doing spiritual works, e.g going to the river to appease marine spirits for marriage, fertility, favour, financial blessings etc that, it is a journey without end??

I hope you know that whatever you promised to do for them in return to grant you your requests, that even your children will keep paying for your ignorance when you die and even your children children. ?

I hope you know that if you eventually get tired of appeasing them and making the necessary sacrifices required and run to church, that you will still not escape from them? Except you're delivered and you truely gave your life to Christ. 

I hope you know God does not interfere where there is a covenant?

I hope you're aware that the day you went on that journey that you gave them access to your house, infact they now live with you in your house unknowingly to you?

I hope you know that when your children start coming of age, that, they will require them from you to either serve them or they render them useless?

I hope you know that they will come for you without mercy for a bridge of contract and covenant?

I hope you know that those spiritual works those native doctors in the pulpit do for you is powered and fortified by marine spirits?

I hope you know that marine spirit Aka water spirits don't have mercy. ?

Note: they will come for revenge when you're not even looking, and when you have forgotten.

They don't forget! So better repent and truely make Jesus Lord over your life.

For two thousand years the settled treatment for almost any illness was to open a vein and drain the patient.

In 1799 it helped see off George Washington.

1847: Semmelweis showed handwashing took childbed deaths from one in six to almost none. Insulted, his colleagues ran him out, and he died in an asylum.

1900s: they sold radium as a health tonic and fitted children's shoes by X-ray in the shop. Then the jaws and the feet started to rot.

1949: they gave the Nobel Prize in Medicine to the lobotomy. A decade later it was a byword for butchery.

1950s: they prescribed thalidomide to pregnant women and swore it was gentle. Then the babies arrived.

1960s: they whipped out millions of children's tonsils on sight. Then they checked, found most never needed it, and stopped.

Every one of those was the settled science of its day. The journals, the committees, the experts, and a special contempt for the doubters.

Every one moved.

So look at what carries that same certainty now:
A statin for every middle-aged adult.

An acid blocker for life.

An antidepressant in a ten-minute slot.

A weight-loss jab you must never come off.

All of it said in the same confident voice. Backed by the same kind of committee.

The doubters have a better track record than the consensus does.

They always have.

I am a retired U.S. Army Intelligence Special Agent. Every day I create a digital magazine with political news, nutrition updates and historical information built on facts, analysis, and sometimes humorous satire.

Facebook tells me that 80% of my 178,571 average daily views come from non-followers. That means thousands of you read my posts every day but may never see the next one.

If you find value in fact-based reporting, thoughtful analysis, and informed discussion, please tap on my name at the top of my post and hit Follow.

Thank you for helping this page continue to grow. I don’t take any monetary benefits from Facebook. I am certainly not paid any money for doing this. I provide a free service and I love doing it.

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She Was Sentenced to Die for a Crime She Didn't Commit

Imagine if this happened in Nigeria today...

A respected married woman asks her servants to leave the garden so she can enjoy a private bath.
As soon as they leave, two elderly judges, who had secretly been hiding and watching her, come out of their hiding place.
   

These were not ordinary men. They were leaders, trusted to uphold justice.
Instead, they demanded that she sleep with them.

Then came the threat:
"If you refuse us, we'll tell everyone we caught you committing adultery with a young man. Everyone will believe us, and you'll be put to death."

Susanna had a choice.
Sin against God to save her life...
Or remain faithful and risk execution.

She chose righteousness.
"I would rather fall into your hands without doing this evil than sin against God."
The two judges carried out their threat.

Because they were respected, everyone believed them.

Susanna was arrested, put on trial, and sentenced to death.

Social media would have already judged her.
The headlines would have called her guilty.
The public would have moved on.

But as she was being led away to die, Susanna cried out to God.
Then a young man named Daniel stood up and said the case should be heard again.

He separated the two witnesses and asked each of them one simple question:
"Under what tree did you see the woman with the young man?"

One judge named one kind of tree.
The other named a different one.
Their lies collapsed instantly.
Susanna was declared innocent.
The two corrupt judges received the very punishment they had planned for her.
   

This is not today's news.
This is the Book of Susanna, a remarkable story found in the Catholic and Orthodox versions of the Book of Daniel.
It reminds us that:

• Not every accusation is true.
  
• Not every respected person is trustworthy.
  
• Justice requires evidence, not assumptions.
  
• Truth may be delayed, but it can still prevail.
  

BREAKING: Over 20 cattle reportedly dïed after grazing on a farmer's crop field during the night in the Gidan Gade Onda axis of Udege, Nasarawa LGA.
   

According to reports, the incident occurred on Friday night, July 18. Following the incident, the farmer reportedly fled the area.

Local traditional authorities, alongside representatives of Miyetti Allah in Nasarawa LGA, visited the scene to assess the situation. The District Head, Alhaji Abdullahi Kuku, urged farmers to avoid using harmful substances on their farms and also advised herders to keep their cattle and children away from cultivated farmland to help prevent future conflïcts.

What do you think can be done to reduce clashes between farmers and herders?

Do you own a Land or Landed Property in Nigeria?
Pls check all your Land documents to know if you have any of these documents below

If you don't have any one among them

Walai talai....legally speaking

You are not the owner of that your Land abi na house and someone with any of these documents can constest that land with you and you will eventually loose it or even the person that sold the Land to you can come back tomorrow to claim it

Transfer of Land ownership is totally different from paying for a land and having receipt or some sort of documents confirming you paid for the Land

If you don't have any of the documents below

What you will get is refund of your payment and damages, but you will loose that Land

These are the valid Title Documents known for Transfer of ownership under Nigerian Law

1. Certificate of Occupancy
2. Right of Occupancy
3.  Governor's Consent
4. Deed of Assignment
5. Deed of Conveyance
6. Deed of Gift
7. Deed of Transfer
8. Letter of Administration
9. Assent
10. Court Judgement confirming you as the owner of a particular land
11. Gazzete

If you know you don't have anyone among them, pls make sure you get it this 2026 before it becomes too late.

Ignorance of the law is no excuse

I did some data draft while we were harvesting our ginger from the farm and I'm going to share it with you here to further prove to you that the money we make from ginger no yahoo guy can make it.

Last year, we cultivated ginger in the 2hectares of farmland and we have been harvesting since November till this moment.
   

Here is what you need to know and how lucrative the ginger is right now.

This particular space covers just two plots of land where we had some huge harvests.

Two plots gave us more than 45 bags of freshly harvested ginger.

Here is our expenditure: manpower for these 2 plots is just 200k, chemical we bought to cover the two plots should be about 100k, seedlings three to six  bags which amount to 600k, finally let's put general maintenance at 300k

We have a total of N2,000,000 capital expenditure.

In less than 8 months our ginger is ready for harvest and currently selling at 340k per bag.

Currently, we have harvested more than 40 bags from that space and still have some little space to give us 5 to 10 bags.

Let's even assume you harvested 40 bags from 2 plots and are selling at roughly 280k to competing  the market.

You will be having total sales at ; 11,200,000 minus your capital = 9,200,000 profit from investment of 7 months with a capital of 2m.

This is just 2 plots of land let alone people that farm in hectares, they're making hell of unimaginable profit.

Lastly, if you decide to add value to it, you will eventually make more profit and yes no yahoo boy can see the type of money in these crops.

I'm working on a 20 foot container of ginger and targeting my profit to be $50,000 when the container arrives. 40 foot can gives you $100,000 plus comfortably

NB; you must select the best seeds and best soil that befit this else you are born to fail and cry. Plus learn with enough practical experience ✍️✍️

☆Jeffy Farms, Facebook.com .

THE SIMPLE FEED FORMULATION I USE FOR 6 TO 8 WEEK OLD NOILERS AND LOCAL TURKEYS (STEP BY STEP GUIDE)

Many people have been asking me when I will finally share the feed mixture I use for my Noilers and local turkeys.

Today, let me explain part of it.
   

Please read carefully because this method is not for day old chicks or young birds.

It is a feeding method I use for Noilers and local turkeys from 6 to 8 weeks of age up to maturity. It has worked well for me over the years.

FIRST, LET’S TALK ABOUT NOILERS.
   

One reason many farmers like Nuelas is their flexibility.

Unlike commercial layers that need a properly balanced layer ration to maintain high egg production, Noilers can still perform well on a wider range of feeds, although their egg production may not be as consistent if nutrition is reduced.

They can also perform well under semi intensive or free range management while still producing eggs.

That is one reason many farmers keep them.

NOW, LET’S TALK ABOUT LOCAL TURKEYS.
   

Local turkeys are economical to raise.

They don’t consume as much feed as many people think, and with a properly balanced homemade ration, you can significantly reduce feeding costs.

Personally, I prefer this formulation for my local turkeys.

I do not use the same formulation for my foreign turkeys because I target faster growth and heavier market weights, so I feed them differently.

THE FORMULATION I USED

For this batch, I used:

✅ 45kg of Dusa (Corn husk)

✅ 20kg of Grower Pellets

✅ Wheat Bran

My recommendation is Grower Mash because it mixes more evenly with other ingredients.

Unfortunately, Grower Mash was unavailable in my area, so I had to use Grower Pellets because my birds needed feed immediately.

I also added:

• Powdered charcoal

• Salt

• Lavaside

• Powdered eggshell

• A small quantity of clean wood ash

Everything was mixed thoroughly until every ingredient was evenly distributed.

WHY EACH INGREDIENT IS IMPORTANT

Dusa (Corn husks )

Provides energy while helping to reduce feeding costs.

Grower Mash/Pellets

Supplies protein, vitamins and minerals needed for proper growth. Mash is easier to mix evenly than pellets, which is why I recommend it whenever it is available.

Wheat Bran

Wheat bran is an excellent source of fibre and provides additional energy and nutrients. It helps improve the texture of the feed, increases the quantity of the mixture and can help lower feeding costs when included appropriately in a balanced ration.

Powdered Charcoal

Many farmers traditionally use charcoal in small quantities to support gut health. It should only be used as part of a balanced ration and not as a replacement for proper nutrition.

Salt

Supplies essential sodium and chloride. It should only be added in small quantities because excessive salt can be harmful to poultry.

Lavaside

Use strictly according to the manufacturer’s instructions on the product label. Do not guess the dosage.

Eggshell Powder

Eggshell is an excellent source of calcium.

Instead of throwing your eggshells away, wash them thoroughly, boil them, allow them to dry completely under the sun, then grind them into a fine powder before mixing them into the feed.

If you don’t have eggshell powder, you can substitute it with bone meal or a quality commercial calcium supplement from a livestock store.

Wood Ash

Only clean ash from untreated firewood should be used and only in a very small quantity.

TOTAL COST

This formulation produced about 70kg of feed, which is close to three 25kg bags of feed.

The total cost for me was around ₦30,000 because I already had ingredients like Lavaside and eggshell powder available.

Depending on prices in your location and transportation costs, you may spend around ₦35,000 or slightly more.

Considering that two bags of commercial feed equal only 50kg, getting about 70kg from this formulation can help reduce feeding costs when properly prepared.

IMPORTANT NOTE

This formulation is what I currently use for my Noilers and local turkeys from 6 to 8 weeks of age up to maturity.

It is not suitable for younger chicks, as they have different nutritional requirements.

In my next post, I will explain the complete step by step mixing process with measurements and additional practical tips.

LET’S LEARN FROM EACH OTHER

For the experienced poultry farmers here, how do you formulate feed for your noilers  and local turkeys? Share your experience so everyone can learn.

If this post helped you, kindly share it so more farmers can benefit.

And don’t forget to leave an honest review on our page if you’ve learned something valuable from our farming content.

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Want to hear something wild? There's a specific microbe called Lactobacillus reuteri that's missing in 95-96% of the population, and its absence could be linked to a host of modern health issues.

This microbe, when restored, has been shown in studies to increase oxytocin, the "love hormone," which can improve social behavior and even impact physical attributes like skin thickness and muscle mass.

The original discoverer found this microbe everywhere in the 1960s, even in breast milk, but over time, it's virtually disappeared from the human microbiome, likely due to antibiotics and modern living. It makes you wonder how much of our current health crises, from gut issues to social isolation, could be tied to losing these fundamental microbes.

It's truly astounding how replacing something our bodies were meant to have can have such widespread beneficial effects, from better sleep to improved body composition and even potentially reversing chronic conditions.

-Dr. Berg

Dr. Eric Berg, DC, not MD; information only

https://www.facebook.com/100047211517264...E6zqH5oxl/

I promised to post this by 7:00 PM, but I couldn't keep to that time.

Our battery cages arrived in the evening, and we spent several hours offloading and installing them. By the time we finished, it was already late.

Thank you for your patience.

Now, let's get into today's lesson.

I asked whether we should start with the capital breakdown or the profit calculation for 500 pullets.

The majority voted for Option A, so let's begin.

## The first thing you need to know...

You will notice that I did NOT include the cost of setting up the farm.

That was intentional.

Why?

Because I don't want to give you figures that may not apply to your situation.

For example, the price of land in my area may be completely different from yours.

Some people will drill a borehole at 50 metres, while others may go beyond 200 metres before finding water.

The prices of wood, roofing materials, labour, cages, transportation, and construction also vary from one location to another.

That is why I don't like estimating setup costs.

Instead, I prefer to focus on the expenses that almost every poultry farmer will incur, regardless of location.

## Why do I always budget to 24 weeks?

Many people ask me this question.

Some pullets may start laying between 17 and 19 weeks.

But let's be realistic.

At that stage, egg production is still low. The birds are not yet producing enough eggs to fully support their feeding cost.

By around 24 weeks, a well-managed flock should already be producing enough to contribute significantly towards feed expenses.

That is why I always advise farmers to budget their capital up to 24 weeks before starting.

Financial planning is one of the biggest differences between successful poultry farmers and those who quit halfway.

## ESTIMATED CAPITAL BREAKDOWN FOR 500 PULLETS (DAY OLD TO 24 WEEKS)

### 1. Purchase of Day-Old Pullets

500 birds × ₦3,400

= ₦1,700,000

### 2. Feed Budget (25 kg bags)

Feed is the biggest expense in poultry farming, so don't underestimate it.

Starter Feed (0 to 8 weeks)

Estimated 35 bags

35 × ₦16,050

= ₦561,750

Grower Pellets (8 to 20 weeks)

Estimated 100 bags

100 × ₦12,950

= ₦1,295,000

Layer Mash (20 to 24 weeks)

Estimated 58 bags

58 × ₦13,350

= ₦774,300

Estimated Total Feed Cost = ₦2,631,050

### 3. Labour

For a flock of 500 birds, one assistant is usually enough.

You don't necessarily need a full-time worker.

A part-time arrangement can work perfectly.

The person can help you with feeding, washing drinkers, cleaning, vaccinations, and routine management in the morning, then return later in the day for evening duties.

Estimated labour cost:

₦40,000 per month × 6 months

= ₦240,000

### 4. Medication and Vaccination

Vaccines, vitamins, deworming, and routine medications.

Estimated budget:

₦250,000

### 5. Logistics and Miscellaneous Expenses

Transportation.

Wood shavings or bedding materials.

Electricity or fuel.

Water.

Unexpected farm expenses.

Estimated budget:

₦150,000

## TOTAL ESTIMATED CAPITAL

Day-old pullets............... ₦1,700,000

Feed................................. ₦2,631,050

Labour............................. ₦240,000

Medication.................... ₦250,000

Logistics......................... ₦150,000

### Estimated Total = ₦4,971,050

One more thing...

Always plan for mortality.

Even the best poultry farmers don't assume 100% survival.

I usually advise budgeting for about 10% mortality so you don't put yourself under unnecessary financial pressure if you lose a few birds.

## PLEASE NOTE

This is NOT the exact amount you will spend.

This is a planning guide.

Feed prices differ from state to state.

Transportation costs are different.

Medication prices vary.

Your management style also affects your expenses.

Use this as a roadmap to prepare yourself before investing.

Many people fail in poultry farming not because poultry is not profitable, but because they start without understanding the financial commitment involved.

## A SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT

Many of you have been asking me,

"When is the next training?"

Our previous batch has ended, and this time I want to do things differently.

I don't want a large class.

I want people who are genuinely ready to start.

### BROILERS PRACTICAL CLASS

I only need 10 serious people.

This is not just a class where you watch videos and disappear.

Once the training starts, you should be ready to buy your chicks immediately.

We'll brood them together from day old and I'll guide you step by step until point of sale.

Training Fee: ₦15,000

### LAYERS PRACTICAL CLASS

I also need 10 serious people who want to start layers.

Whether you buy your birds from me or from another reputable hatchery, I'll guide you from choosing the right birds, brooding, vaccination, feeding, management, and everything you need to know until they reach production at about six months.

We'll learn by doing, not just by talking.

Training Fee: ₦25,000

If you're interested, send me a DM or simply comment INTERESTED below.

I'm looking for people who are ready to take action, not people who want to keep postponing their dreams.

If this post has helped you, please share it.

You may help someone avoid a costly mistake before investing in poultry.

In my next post, we'll break down the profit calculation for 500 layers, including estimated daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly income.

See you in the next post

    Would you like me to break down the expected profit next?
PART 2: 50 LAYERS: HOW MUCH PROFIT CAN YOU REALLY MAKE FROM EGG PRODUCTION? = http://farmersjoint.com/thread-31953.html
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3 months ago I planted small portion with groundnut to test. I've never grown it before.

Everything went well. It was more than 10x easier than growing cucumber. But as harvest approach, a thief came and harvested everything this morning.
   

The ones I managed to harvest is shown below. 
   

This is one of the silent challenges farmers face. But it won't discourage me from planting plenty groundnut, ginger, tumeric and pepper this year. So long as the thief keeps coming, I'll soon catch him/her. With God, there is no problem without solution.

Attached Files

Thumbnail(s)
           

If you claim you have ginger and cannot find a buyer, then one of two things is true: you do not have real volume, or you are ignorant and lazy about markets. There is no serious ginger produce without demand.

Anyone who understands this business secures buyers long before harvest. The people shouting online about “who will buy?” have either not planted, planted too little to matter, or never moved beyond wishful thinking.

The truth many avoid is this: ginger money is not made on the farm. It is made in coordination, processing, timing, and access. Small farmers are everywhere, but serious buyers do not chase villages. Exporters, processors, and large traders want one dependable supplier who can deliver volume and quality.

Some people aggregate. Some process through third parties. Some trade price differences across regions. Others earn by connecting farmers to buyers without touching ginger at all. That is where intelligence beats effort.

And sourcing buyers is not social media noise. Posting produce online every day is not marketing. Most serious agripreneurs already have buyers offline; they post for visibility, leverage, or better options.

Real ginger buyers are export companies, processors, and end users. You search them out, write to them, visit their offices, present samples and pictures, and close deals. Ginger sells itself. What fails is not the produce — it is the mindset behind it.

Grow Ginger Like a Farmer. Sell It Like a Businessperson.


https://www.facebook.com/61585586725978/...gbRB76eDl/

Turmeric has been shown to be an effective alternative to over-the-counter pain medications, particularly for knee pain caused by osteoarthritis. In three separate studies, turmeric was found to be as effective as ibuprofen in reducing knee pain. Additionally, eight high-quality studies have demonstrated the pain-reducing properties of turmeric for osteoarthritis-related knee pain.

One of the key advantages of turmeric over ibuprofen is its safety profile. Unlike ibuprofen, turmeric does not pose the same risks to kidney function and gut health. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that turmeric may also help reduce neuropathic pain over time, which is often challenging to treat.

In addition to its potential for managing knee pain, turmeric has also been linked to reducing menstrual pain, alleviating symptoms of PMS, improving digestive issues, and enhancing brain function.

But always take tumeric with healthy fat like avocado, olive oil etc for better absorption.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7812094/
.

Many people delay starting a business because they believe they need a huge amount of capital.

In reality, many successful businesses started with very little. What they had was the willingness to begin, learn, reinvest their profits, and build relationships with customers.

Take the palm oil business as an example.

One person waits until they have ₦1 million before making their first sale.

Another starts with just ₦40,000, buys a few litres of palm oil, repackages them into smaller bottles, sells them, reinvests the profit, and repeats the process.

Two years later, the second person may have hundreds of regular customers, while the first person may still be waiting for the "right amount" to start.

The truth is that capital is important, but customers are the real foundation of a successful business.

If people trust you and keep buying from you, your profits can finance your expansion. Suppliers may extend credit, banks and investors become more willing to support you, and your business can grow because there is already demand for what you sell.

On the other hand, having millions of naira without customers can quickly lead to losses.

The ultimate goal of any business is not simply to have more money. It is to build a loyal customer base. Once demand becomes greater than your capacity, finding additional capital becomes much easier because the business has already proven itself.

Don't wait for perfect conditions.

Start with what you have, no matter how small.

Serve your customers well.

Reinvest your profits.

Stay consistent.

Over time, small beginnings can become great businesses.

In Nigeria, hibiscus flowers (Roselle/Zobo – Hibiscus sabdariffa) are generally planted during the early rainy season, usually between May and July. The main harvest season starts around September or October and extends through April, depending on the location and planting date.

Typical Hibiscus Calendar in Nigeria

Activity Period

Land preparation April – June
Planting May – July
Flowering August – October
Harvesting of calyces September – April
Peak market/export season November – April

Major Producing States

Most export-grade hibiscus is produced in:

Kano

Jigawa

Kaduna

Bauchi

Katsina

Gombe

Borno

These northern states supply most of Nigeria's export-quality hibiscus.

For Exporters

If you are sourcing hibiscus for export, the best buying period is typically November to February, when fresh harvest volumes are highest, quality is generally better, and prices are often more competitive. As stocks decline toward the end of the season (March–April), prices may rise.

Read more:    https://exportfromnigeria.info/board/3/c...rt-nigeria

Export From Nigeria to any country: Your Step-by-Step Guide to Global Markets

“The One Thing Nobody Tells You About Exporting From Nigeria (Until It's Too Late)”

“Most Nigerian exporters fail before their first container even leaves Lagos port. Here's why.”

Learn exactly how to export from Nigeria with this complete guide covering business registration, finding buyers, documentation, shipping, and compliance for agricultural products and commodities.

Introduction

Here's something that keeps me up at night: Nigeria sits on some of the most sought-after agricultural products in the world. Cocoa that chocolate makers in Belgium dream about. Cashews that Asian processors pay premium prices for. Sesame seeds that end up in premium tahini across Europe.

And yet, so many brilliant Nigerian entrepreneurs with quality products never make that first export sale.

I've watched friends with exceptional dried hibiscus flowers struggle for months to figure out the export process. I've seen farmers with organic ginger that could command top dollar in health food stores across America, sitting frustrated because they don't know where to start.

The ironic part? Exporting from Nigeria isn't actually rocket science. But it does require knowing the right steps, in the right order, with the right documentation. Miss one piece, and your shipment could sit at the port for weeks. Get it right, and you're opening doors to markets that will pay 3x, 5x, sometimes 10x what you'd get locally.

So let me walk you through exactly how to export from Nigeria, step by step, the way I wish someone had explained it to me years ago.

When I first considered exporting from Nigeria, I thought the biggest challenge would be finding international buyers. Turns out, that was maybe step three or four on a much longer list.

The real challenge? Understanding that export from Nigeria is a process that rewards preparation and punishes shortcuts.

Let me break down everything you need to know.

Start With the Foundation: Register Your Business Properly

You can't export from Nigeria as just "Emeka who grows excellent yams." You need legal standing, and that starts with business registration.

The Corporate Affairs Commission, or CAC, is your first stop. This gives your business legal recognition. Think of it as your business birth certificate. Without it, you're essentially invisible to the official export ecosystem.

But here's where most people stop, thinking they're done. They're not.

After CAC registration, you need an Exporter Registration Certificate from the Nigerian Export Promotion Council, known as NEPC. This isn't optional. This isn't a nice-to-have. Every single export from Nigeria requires this registration.

Why does this matter? Because this certificate does two important things. First, it officially recognizes you as a legitimate exporter, which matters when dealing with international buyers who are understandably cautious about new suppliers from unfamiliar markets. Second, it unlocks access to export incentives and support programs that can actually save you serious money down the line.

I know a cassava processor in Ogun State who delayed getting his NEPC certificate by six months because he thought it was just bureaucratic paperwork. When he finally registered, he discovered he'd missed out on a trade mission to Germany where he could have met three potential buyers face-to-face. Don't be that person.

The registration process isn't complicated, but it does require some documents: your CAC certificate, tax clearance, passport photographs, and details about what you plan to export. Budget a few weeks for the process, not because it's difficult, but because government processes in Nigeria move at their own pace.

Finding International Buyers: Where the Real Work Begins

Once you're officially registered, you face the question that stumps most new exporters: where do I find buyers?

The good news is that there are more pathways than ever before. The challenge is knowing which ones actually work.

Trade fairs remain one of the most effective approaches for export from Nigeria. When you physically meet buyers, shake hands, let them see and touch your product, something clicks that never quite happens over email. NEPC organizes trade missions and participates in international fairs. Yes, they cost money to attend. But one solid buyer connection can pay back that investment many times over.

Online platforms have opened up possibilities that didn't exist ten years ago. Alibaba, TradeKey, and specialized agricultural commodity exchanges connect Nigerian exporters with buyers worldwide. But here's what nobody tells you: just listing your product on these platforms achieves almost nothing. You need professional photos, detailed specifications, clear communication, and patience to build trust over time.

I learned this the hard way. My first Alibaba listing looked like I'd taken photos with a flip phone in bad lighting. Zero inquiries in three months. When I invested in proper product photography and rewrote my descriptions to answer the questions buyers actually ask, inquiries started coming within weeks.

Market research sounds boring, but it's absolutely critical before you commit to export from Nigeria. The International Trade Centre's Trade Map tool is free and incredibly valuable. It shows you which countries import what you want to export, what prices they're paying, who your competitors are, and what tariffs you'll face.

For example, if you're exporting dried ginger, Trade Map will show you that the Netherlands imports massive quantities because they're a distribution hub for Europe, that prices vary seasonally, and that you'll face different tariff rates depending on whether you're shipping to EU countries versus Asian markets.

This research phase isn't glamorous. But it's the difference between shipping products that arrive to find a saturated market with falling prices versus shipping into a market with growing demand and good margins.

One critical point: don't ship anything until you have a confirmed export order. This should outline exactly what goods, what quantity, what price, what payment terms, and what delivery timeline. This protects both you and your buyer. It makes everything that follows much clearer.

Documentation: The Unsexy Part That Determines Success

If you talk to experienced exporters, they'll all tell you the same thing: documentation is where most problems happen with export from Nigeria.

Not because the documents are conceptually difficult. But because missing one document, or having one document with errors, can delay your entire shipment.

Here's what you absolutely need:

The Proforma Invoice goes to your buyer before shipping. It's essentially a detailed quote showing exactly what they're buying, at what price, under what terms. Think of it as a preview of the final transaction.

The Commercial Invoice is the official document that accompanies your shipment. It lists everything being exported, the value, the buyer details, and serves as a customs declaration in both Nigeria and the destination country.

The Bill of Lading is your receipt from the shipping company proving they've taken possession of your goods. More importantly, it's the document that allows your buyer to claim the goods at the destination port. Guard this carefully because whoever holds the original Bill of Lading controls the cargo.

The Certificate of Origin verifies that your products actually originate from Nigeria. This matters because many countries have preferential trade agreements that reduce or eliminate tariffs for products from specific countries. Nigeria's membership in AfCFTA, for instance, can significantly reduce tariffs when exporting to other African countries, but only if you have proper documentation.

The Export Declaration Form, filed through the Nigeria Single Window Trade Portal, is mandatory for every export from Nigeria. This system has actually streamlined things considerably compared to the old paper-based process. You'll submit details about your shipment, and it generates the reference number you need for customs clearance.

For agricultural products specifically, you'll likely need additional certificates. Phytosanitary certificates verify that plant products are free from pests and diseases. If you're exporting processed foods, you might need health certificates. The specific requirements depend on what you're shipping and where it's going.

Here's a tip that saved me thousands of naira in delays: create a checklist for your specific product and destination. Before anything goes to the port, verify every single document is complete, accurate, and properly signed. One missing signature can mean days of delay while your goods sit in a container accruing storage charges.

Packaging and Inspection: Don't Underestimate This

I once met an exporter who lost a 40-foot container of dried fruits because of inadequate packaging. The products arrived moldy and were rejected. The financial loss was devastating, but the reputational damage was worse because that buyer never worked with him again.

Packaging for export from Nigeria needs to account for humidity, temperature changes, rough handling, long transit times, and the inspection requirements at destination ports.

Your packaging should be durable enough to survive the journey. It should be clearly labeled with origin, weight, destination, and handling instructions. For agricultural products especially, moisture control is critical. Many exporters invest in moisture-proof bags or containers with desiccants.

International standards matter. If you're exporting organic products, your packaging needs to maintain organic certification. If you're shipping to the EU, you'll face stricter labeling requirements than shipping to some Asian markets.

Pre-shipment inspection is mandatory for export from Nigeria. The Nigeria Customs Service and authorized private inspection agents will verify that what you declared matches what you're actually shipping. They'll check quality, quantity, and ensure nothing prohibited is being exported.

This inspection isn't adversarial. The inspectors want legitimate exporters to succeed. But you need to have everything in order: proper packaging, accurate documentation, and products that match your declaration.

Schedule your inspection with enough buffer time before your ship departure date. Inspections can sometimes take longer than expected, and ships don't wait for late cargo.

Shipping and Payment: Protecting Your Interests

Choosing the right shipping partner for export from Nigeria can make or break your experience.

You want a freight forwarder or shipping line with proven experience handling your type of product. Someone exporting fresh produce needs different expertise than someone shipping processed goods or raw materials.

Get recommendations from other exporters if possible. Check reviews. Ask detailed questions about their experience with your specific routes and products.

On the payment side, never, ever ship goods internationally based on promises alone. This is where many new exporters get burned.

Letters of Credit remain the gold standard for secure international payment. Here's how it works: your buyer's bank guarantees payment to you once you prove you've shipped the goods as specified. It protects you from non-payment and protects your buyer from non-delivery.

Yes, Letters of Credit involve bank fees. Yes, they add complexity. But they're worth it, especially for your first few transactions with new buyers.

Other payment methods like advance payment or payment on delivery have their place, but understand the risks you're taking. If you ship on credit terms and the buyer decides not to pay, collecting payment from another country is extremely difficult and expensive.

Once your goods are shipped, you're not done. Track your shipment. Stay in communication with your buyer. Handle any issues that arise quickly.

And critically for export from Nigeria, you need to properly repatriate your export proceeds. Nigerian law requires that foreign currency earnings from exports be brought back through authorized dealers. This isn't optional, and it's actually in your interest because proper forex repatriation protects your ability to keep exporting and access foreign exchange for future transactions.

Compliance and Continuous Improvement

Export regulations change. Tariffs shift. Trade agreements evolve. Successful export from Nigeria requires staying informed.

The African Continental Free Trade Area, or AfCFTA, has created new opportunities for Nigerian exporters to access African markets with reduced tariffs. But you need to understand the rules of origin requirements and documentation to actually benefit.

Stay connected with NEPC. They regularly update exporters about changes in regulations, new opportunities, and incentive programs. Their newsletters and workshops provide valuable information.

Know what you can't export. Nigeria has a list of prohibited items for export, and it changes periodically. Violating export restrictions can result in serious penalties and damage your ability to export in the future.

Build relationships with your buyers. The export business thrives on repeat relationships. One-time transactions are fine, but long-term partnerships with reliable buyers create sustainable export businesses.

Document everything. Keep records of all transactions, all communications, all documentation. This helps with regulatory compliance, but it also helps you learn and improve your process over time.

The Reality of Exporting From Nigeria

I won't pretend that export from Nigeria is easy. It's not. There are bureaucratic hurdles. Infrastructure challenges. Documentation requirements that sometimes feel excessive.

But here's what I've observed: the exporters who succeed are the ones who approach it systematically. They don't try to cut corners. They invest time in understanding the process. They build relationships. They learn from each shipment and get better.

Nigeria has products the world wants. Cocoa, cashews, sesame, ginger, hibiscus, shea butter, processed foods, and so much more. The demand exists. The prices are attractive.

What's needed are more Nigerian entrepreneurs willing to navigate the export process professionally and persistently.

Is it worth it? Ask the cassava processor in Kwara State who now ships 20 containers a month to Asia. Ask the shea butter cooperative in Benue that's tripled their income by accessing European markets. Ask the dried fruit exporter in Oyo who's put his three children through university from export proceeds.

They'll all tell you the same thing: yes, it's work. Yes, it's complicated at first. But once you understand the process, export from Nigeria opens opportunities that simply don't exist in the domestic market alone.

So if you've been thinking about exporting, if you have products with international potential, if you're ready to do the work, then start with step one. Register your business. Get your NEPC certificate. Research your markets. Prepare properly.

The world is waiting for what Nigeria produces. The question is whether you're ready to get it to them.

Summary

Exporting from Nigeria requires systematic preparation across six key areas: business registration with CAC and NEPC, finding international buyers through trade fairs and online platforms, preparing comprehensive documentation including invoices and certificates, proper packaging with pre-shipment inspection, secure shipping arrangements with protected payment methods, and ongoing compliance with export regulations. Success comes from understanding each step thoroughly, avoiding shortcuts, and building long-term buyer relationships. While the process involves bureaucratic requirements and careful attention to detail, Nigerian exporters who approach it professionally find that international markets offer opportunities and prices far exceeding domestic alternatives. The key is treating export not as a one-time transaction but as a learnable system that improves with experience.


https://exportfromnigeria.info/thread/51...ny-country

How to grow "Dwarf" fruit trees

A whole of people regularly ask for Dwarf fruit tree seedlings. Dwarf fruit trees are trees that will produce fruits while their height is below 8 feet tall. These trees also produces fruits very early sometimes as early as 6 months after planting.
   


There are very few fruits trees that are naturally dwarf, however there are some natural propagation techniques that will enable you to produce fruits trees which will produce fruits without growing into very big trees.

Below are the common propagation techniques used in producing Dwarf trees.

1, Air layering: Air layering or marcotting is a form of asexual plant propagation whereby new plants are formed on a stem while still being attached to the parent plant. The air layered stem produces roots after some weeks. There is a video that explains Air layering below.

2, Grafting: Grafting is a form of asexual plant propagation where the stem of a desired variety (Scion) is joined to a plant with an established root system (Rootstock) from the same specie. Once the joining is successful both the Scion and the Rootstock will grow into a single tree.

3, Budding: Budding is a form of asexual plant propagation where a single bud from a desired variety (Scion) is inserted or attached to a plant with an established root system (Rootstock) from the same specie. Once the bud has been successfully attached both the Scion and the Rootstock will grow into a single tree.

4, Cutting: Cutting is an asexual plant reproduction method where a vegetative part (stem, leaf, or root) is cut off from a parent plant and induced to regenerate roots and shoots, forming a new plant.

You may be wondering which of the following methods is the best, I personally prefer Air layering due to the fact that you only need a single tree and the Air layered stem would have produced its on root system before being removed from the parent tree.

If you want the new plant to produce fruits very early like within a year you need to ensure that you perform this propagation techniques on fruit trees that are already producing fruits.
Below are some tips to ensure that the "Dwarf" fruit tree maintains its desired height.

1, Planting the "Dwarf" in a container will prevent the tree from growing into a large tree over time.

2, Pruning the "Dwarf" tree to your desired height ensures the tree will not grow taller than the desired height. Ensure that you sanitise your pruning equipment before using it.

3, If you plant in the ground you will need to prune more often. This is due to the fact that the ground offers a much large amount of nutrients and the roots system is not confined or restricted like when planted in a container.

https://www.facebook.com/100087883613102...BV7SKwFjl/

Many people have been asking, “AD, how do you safely milk a mother goat for an adopted baby goat?”

This is the method I use 👇🏽
   

First, I clean the udder with clean water and foam to remove dirt and bacteria.
After that, I dry the udder with another clean foam because a wet udder can still carry contamination.

Then I wash the feeding bottle properly before milking the goat. Hygiene is very important because dirty equipment can cause diarrhea and infections in baby goats.

Once the milk is collected, I feed it immediately to the adopted baby goat 🍼🐐

One thing many farmers don’t know is that newborn goats have very weak immunity, so cleanliness during feeding can determine whether the baby grows well or falls sick.

Goat farming is not only about feeding animals, management and hygiene matter a lot too.

- Copied from facebook

Planting fruit trees in containers offers several advantages over growing them directly in the ground.
   

Below are some key benefits:

1. Containers give you flexibility. You can easily rearrange your fruit trees within your garden to improve spacing, sunlight, or overall layout.

2. They are ideal for rented homes. You can take your fruit trees with you when you move, instead of leaving them behind.

3. Containers make it possible to grow fruit trees in homes with paved outdoor spaces where planting in soil is not an option.

4. They allow you to grow fruit trees even in areas with poor or waterlogged soil.

5. You can grow multiple fruit trees in a small space, making efficient use of limited areas.

6. Container growing helps control tree size, preventing them from becoming too large and making maintenance easier.

7. In regions with harsh weather, containers allow you to move trees to safer locations during unfavorable conditions such as winter or storms.

8. You have better control over soil quality, nutrients, and drainage, which can lead to healthier plants and improved fruit yield.

Can you think of any other advantages of planting fruit trees in containers? Kindly share them in the comments.

Plants need 17 essential nutrients to grow well. These are grouped into macronutrients, secondary nutrients, and micronutrients.

Macronutrients (also come from air and water): Carbon ©, Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K).

Secondary nutrients: Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Sulfur (S).

Micronutrients: Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Boron (B), Molybdenum (Mo), Chlorine (Cl), Nickel (Ni).

Most normal fertilizers (NPK) only give nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. This is not enough for full plant growth.

Plants also need other nutrients to stay healthy and avoid problems like poor growth, weak stems, and low fruit production.

You can get these extra nutrients from compost, manure, micronutrient sprays, or complete fertilizers.

Manure will take care of many macro and secondary nutrients, supplying elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur in a more balanced and natural form.

It also improves soil structure, enhances water retention, and supports beneficial microbial activity, all of which contribute to healthier plant growth.

But manure alone may not give enough micronutrients, so extra feeding may still be needed depending on your soil and plants.

Conclusion

In addition to NPK, use enough manure and spray foliar fertilizer (the ones with micronutrients) weekly. If you can, include potassium sulphate and calcium nitrate in the foliar fertilizer. Do this if you want bumper harvest.

A new front has opened in the 2026 global economic crisis as the Chinese government officially suspended the export of critical fertilizers, including nitrogen-potassium blends and urea. This move, reported on March 18, 2026, is a direct response to the escalating conflict in the Middle East, which has throttled the global supply of natural gas—the primary raw material for fertilizer production.
   

The timing is catastrophic for American agriculture. As the U.S. spring planting season begins, farmers across the Corn Belt and beyond are reporting severe shortages and "sticker shock" price spikes. Global urea prices have already surged nearly 40% since the start of the conflict, reaching levels not seen since the 2022 energy crisis.

Beijing’s decision to "close the valves" on exports is a strategic effort to insulate its own domestic food security. By keeping its limited fertilizer stocks within its borders, China is prioritizing its own yields while effectively passing the burden of the global shortage onto international markets. This follows a similar "export freeze" on phosphate fertilizers that was enacted late last year and is set to remain in place until August 2026.

The U.S. remains heavily dependent on global trade for specialized crop nutrients, and with the Strait of Hormuz blocked—cutting off roughly one-third of the world's seaborne urea and ammonia supply—the loss of Chinese exports leaves very few alternatives. Agriculture experts warn that if these shortages persist, it could lead to significantly reduced crop yields for staple grains like corn, wheat, and rice, potentially driving up food prices globally by the end of the year.

As the White House navigates the military complexities of the war, a new domestic challenge is emerging: how to protect the American food supply from a fertilizer market that is rapidly becoming a tool of geopolitical leverage.